Congress and the FCC do not expect these changes to occur overnight. In each affected federal program, the law phases in its requirements over two years. For the first year, the deadline of October 28, 2001, was established for schools and libraries to certify that they are taking steps to put in place their Internet safety policy. In the second year, these institutions must demonstrate that their policies and the required filtering technology is in place. As such, some library patrons may not encounter filtering software until 2002 or later.